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Gordon Zahn : Audio-Visual Material

• AZHN 13057 Taped speech : Gordon Zahn - "Limits of Obedience"
  Gordon discusses the Catholic doctrine that individuals have an obligation to render obedience to civil authorities at all times, including times of war, and how individual conscience may limit this obligation to obey. He makes mention of the atrocities as cited in his book GERMAN CATHOLICS AND HITLER'S WARS, and explores his opinion of choice and how it can determine the quality of one's life.
• AZHN 14480 Audio : Dramatic production of Gordon's book, IN SOLITARY WITNESS
  Gordon is not present. Begins with a man giving a brief background on Franz Jaegerstaetter and Gordon's research on him. The dramatic production tells Franz Jaegerstaetter's story during WWII. It presents his journey from St. Radegund, his home, to his refusal to participate in WWII, that ultimately lead to his death. Moreover, the dramatic production conveys the story of how a "simple peasant became a rebel" contrasting early Franz with later Franz.
• AZHN 14481 Audio : Gordon - talking about his book GERMAN CATHOLICS AND HITLER'S WARS
  Gordon is first introduced by Hal Kaufman. In his talk Gordon calls for more dissent in the Catholic community and says that he is calling for this as a result of what happened to German Catholics in WWII. Says that instead of religious pluralism we need some type of religious seperatism. In addition, Gordon discusses the life of Franz Jaegerstaetter and his experience as what he considers to be a martyr, who went against all the orders of his Church to follow what he believed to be just. In conclusion, he says that all religions have to position themselves as a world of prophecy against a possibly corrupt state. Ends with a question / answer period.
• AZHN 14482 Audio : Gordon - Side 1 from ON MOVING POLITICAL WHEELS
  Gordon talks about the failure of today's Christians to put teachings such as the Pacem en Terris into practice because they are seen as impractical teachings in today's society. In addition, he discusses Pope Paul's attempts to bring peace in Vietnam, but American Catholics refused to listen. Says that the reality of war should put a Christian in a state of "crisis of conscience". Moreover, says that religion is expected to be at odds with the world around it; however, this is something that happens in the world today.
• AZHN 14483 Audio : Callaway - Side 2 from ON MOVING POLITICAL WHEELS
  Callaway introduces himself as a Protestant who works at CBS. Talks about church and politics and asks as a church, what kind of political instrument do we want to be? Says that we need a sense of balance between church and politics. Also, discusses the media, who he says attempt to share reality and truth with viewers. Discusses "responsible reporting" and the need for a balance of values in the mass media. Says that there is a moral obligation in reporting.
• AZHN 14484 Audio : Milgram - Side 1 from ON MOVING POLITICAL WHEELS
  Milgram introduces himself as someone who spent 10 years in the Civil Rights Movement before he became a builder. Says that he started building because builders were building for white people only and he wanted to build only Integrated Housing. Discusses how he opened his first development in Philadelphia in 1954 and the challenges he went through to set up this integrated housing. In addition, he discusses how a White Presbyterian and a Negro Presbyterian group came together to form the Princeton Housing Group which joined with Milgram on his integrated housing project. Finally, discusses his national organization for integrated housing, Modern Community Developers for Integrated Housing.
• AZHN 14485 Audio : Simon - Side 2 from ON MOVING POLITICAL WHEELS
  Simon, speaking at Notre Dame, on the issue of building a better political community. Lists some steps families can take to build a better political community within their families. Some of the steps he lists are: make sure your family is interested in current events, make sure politics is considered good and noble in your house, join a political party, and work for the neglected in your community.
• AZHN 14486 Audio : Baum - Side 1 from ON MOVING POLITICAL WHEELS
  Baum, who begins with a prayer to the Holy Spirit, discusses how our understanding of the Church's mission is undergoing change. Discusses some of his insights concerning why the change is being brought about. One of these insights is a belief that God is redemptively at work everywhere people are, not just in the Church. Says that human life wherever is supernatural, man is always listening to a summons from up above. In addition, he distinguishes his view from "theological liberalism" by saying that unlike theological liberalism, he believes that people are not good, but rather need grace to be good. Finally, he discusses the idea of a "secular city" which he believes has also changed the mission of the Church.
• AZHN 14487 Audio : Hatfield - Side 2 from ON MOVING POLITICAL WHEELS
  Audio could not be made out, only hear Baum's talk not Hatfield.
• AZHN 14488 Audio : Gordon
  Copy of entry #14482
• AZHN 14489 Audio : Callaway
  Copy of entry #14483
• AZHN 14490 Audio : Milgram
  Copy of entry #14484
• AZHN 14491 Audio : Simon
  Copy of entry #14485
• AZHN 14492 Audio : Baum
  Copy of entry #14486
• AZHN 14493 Audio : Hatfield
  Copy of entry #14487
• AZHN 40304 CT : Gordon Zahn: Limits of Obedience [#13057] no date
• AZHN 40305 R2 : The Witness of Franz Jaegerstaetter, Radio Program [#14480] no date
• AZHN 40306 R2 : Gordon Zahn: German Catholics and Hitler's Wars, Center for the Study of Democratic Institutions [#14481] no date
• AZHN 40307-40312 Group : On Moving Political Wheels no date
• AZHN 40307 R2 : Gordon Zahn - Side 1 from ON MOVING POLITICAL WHEELS - Gordon talks about the failure of today's Christians to put teachings such as the Pacem en Terris into practice because they are seen as impractical teachings in today's society. In addition, he discusses Pope Paul's attempts to bring peace in Vietnam, but American Catholics refused to listen. Says that the reality of war should put a Christian in a state of "crisis of conscience". Moreover, says that religion is expected to be at odds with the world around it; however, this is something that happens in the world today. [#14482] no date
• AZHN 40307 R2 : Callaway - Side 2 from ON MOVING POLITICAL WHEELS - Callaway introduces himself as a Protestant who works at CBS. Talks about church and politics and asks as a church, what kind of political instrument do we want to be? Says that we need a sense of balance between church and politics. Also, discusses the media, who he says attempt to share reality and truth with viewers. Discusses "responsible reporting" and the need for a balance of values in the mass media. Says that there is a moral obligation in reporting. [#14483] no date
• AZHN 40308 R2 : Milgram - Side 1 from ON MOVING POLITICAL WHEELS - Milgram introduces himself as someone who spent 10 years in the Civil Rights Movement before he became a builder. Says that he started building because builders were building for white people only and he wanted to build only Integrated Housing. Discusses how he opened his first development in Philadelphia in 1954 and the challenges he went through to set up this integrated housing. In addition, he discusses how a White Presbyterian and a Negro Presbyterian group came together to form the Princeton Housing Group which joined with Milgram on his integrated housing project. Finally, discusses his national organization for integrated housing, Modern Community Developers for Integrated Housing.[#14484] no date
• AZHN 40308 R2 : Simon - Side 2 from ON MOVING POLITICAL WHEELS - Simon, speaking at Notre Dame, on the issue of building a better political community. Lists some steps families can take to build a better political community within their families. Some of the steps he lists are: make sure your family is interested in current events, make sure politics is considered good and noble in your house, join a political party, and work for the neglected in your community. [#14485] no date
• AZHN 40309 R2 : Baum - Side 1 from ON MOVING POLITICAL WHEELS - Baum, who begins with a prayer to the Holy Spirit, discusses how our understanding of the Church's mission is undergoing change. Discusses some of his insights concerning why the change is being brought about. One of these insights is a belief that God is redemptively at work everywhere people are, not just in the Church. Says that human life wherever is supernatural, man is always listening to a summons from up above. In addition, he distinguishes his view from "theological liberalism" by saying that unlike theological liberalism, he believes that people are not good, but rather need grace to be good. Finally, he discusses the idea of a "secular city" which he believes has also changed the mission of the Church. [#14486] no date
• AZHN 40309 R2 : Hatfield - Side 2 from ON MOVING POLITICAL WHEELS - Audio could not be made out, only hear Baum's talk not Hatfield. [#14487] no date
• AZHN 40310-40312 R2 : [same as AZHN R2 40307-40312] no date
• AZHN 40313 R2 : Gordon Zahn - Good Life Radio Show regarding "In Solitary Witness" Book no date
• AZHN 40314 R2 : Audio Recording of Catholic Hour TV Program: The Witness Adaptation of Gordon Zahn's Book "In Solitary Witness" no date
• AZHN 40315 R2 : Gordon Zahn - Catholicism and Peace Talk no date
• AZHN 40316-40318 VR : Der Fall Jägerstätter, TV Movie about Fritz Jägerstätter / Jaegerstaetter ca. 1971
• AZHN 40319 VSL : Der Fall Jägerstätter, TV Movie about Fritz Jägerstätter / Jaegerstaetter [copy of AZHN 40316-40318] ca. 1971
• AZHN 40532 DVD : Der Fall Jaegerstaetter / Jägerstätter, Film by Axel Corti [ORF, original, long box] 1971


• DZHN : Gordon Zahn : Digital Data
  Computer files containing Zahn's writings and descriptions of his papers.


• GZHN : Gordon Zahn : Photographs
• GZHN 00947 Photographs : An envelope containing 19 photographs.
  The photographs consist of Gordon, friends, and the various children he was assigned.
• GZHN 01631 Photograph : A black and white picture.
• GZHN 02938 Photograph : A picture postcard of the Warner camp for CO's.
• GZHN 03034 Photograph : A photograph of table #30 at the Homecoming Banquet of 1960 for the Catholic University. 1960
  The photograph has four men and four women. One of the men is Zahn.
• GZHN 03035 Photograph : A photograph of four men. They seem to be a panel of discussion group that are going to be televised.
• GZHN 03945 Photograph : Gordon Zahn 1956
  A photograph of the Stornberger See.
• GZHN 03946 Photograph : Gordon Zahn 1956
  A photograph of Garnuisch-Partenkirchen taken from the Wankbahn.
• GZHN 03947 Photograph : Gordon Zahn 1956
  A photograph of Garnuisch-Partenkirchen taken from the Wankebahn a taken later.
• GZHN 03948 Photograph : Gordon Zahn 1956
  A photograph of Garnuisch-Partenkirchen taken from the Wankebahn taken even later when the sky was a brilliant gold-orange.
• GZHN 03949 Photograph : Gordon Zahn 1956
  A scene from the Wankebahn.
• GZHN 03950 Photograph : Gordon Zahn 1956
  A photograph of a mule with writing on the back stating "Not all of them live at 1814. "
• GZHN 03951 Photograph : Gordon Zahn 1956
  Another photograph of the Wankebahn.
• GZHN 03952 Photograph : Gordon Zahn 1956
  Another photograph of the Wankebahn.
• GZHN 03953 Photograph : Gordon Zahn 1956
  A photograph of the path to the top of a mountain with an inscription from Zahn that he did not get the least bit anxious about the height.
• GZHN 03954 Photograph : Gordon Zahn 1956
  A scenic picture with the inscription "How could anyone leave country like this?"
• GZHN 03955 Photograph : Gordon Zahn 1956
  A photograph from the very top of the mountain.
• GZHN 03956 Slide : Gordon Zahn 1956
  A color slide of the view from Zahn's Randusacher room.
• GZHN 03970 Slide : Gordon Zahn 1957
  A slide of Steiermark, Austria.
• GZHN 04463 Photographs : Three pictures of Gordon Zahn
• GZHN 06415 Photograph : Picture of Zahn 1992/0403
  Gordon Zahn with Lucille Evans and Mary Durnin at gamaliel Chair Reunion.
• GZHN 06743 Photograph : Photograph of Edna Zandravetz Jensen 1992
• GZHN 06927 Photograph : Janice Vanderhaar and Gordon Zahn 1991/08
• GZHN 08501 Photographs : Eight photographs, no identification
• GZHN 08854 Photograph : Gordon receiving an award
• GZHN 08855 Photograph : Portrait of Gordon
• GZHN 08856 Photograph : Portrait of Gordon as a young man (high school senior portrait?)
• GZHN 08856 Color Photograph : Portrait of Dr. Gordon Zahn in front of a Christmas Tree, Sr. Camillus Nursing Home Resident of the Month December 2003
• GZHN 12184 Photographs : Photos of Gordon and places
  Four photos, two of Gordon, one of St Radegund and one of Gordon with Canadian bishops. Also two slides of Gordon in an unknown city.


• PZHN : Gordon Zahn : Printed Material


• PZHN Series : Books by Gordon Zahn
• PZHN 14467 Book : Gordon Zahn - GERMAN CATHOLICS AND HITLER'S WARS: A STUDY IN SOCIAL CONTROL 1962
  Entries #14455-14466 taken from the chapters in this book. ~ New York
• PZHN 14455 Chapter : Gordon Zahn - Ch. 1, "History and Methodology of the Study From German Catholics and Hitler's Wars" from GCHW 1962
  Dicusses the focus of the study as the German Catholic Peace Movement under the leadership of the German Catholic Peace Union during WWII and its conflicts with the Nazi regime ultimately leading up to its dissolving by the Nazis on July 1, 1933. Also says that the primary research method used was in-depth interviews of members of the Peace Movement. ~ New York
• PZHN 14456 Chapter : Gordon Zahn - Ch. 2, "The Social-control Dimension" from GCHW 1962
  Discusses both the formal and informal control employed by the German regime during WWII as a means of "social control" of German Catholics. ~ New York
• PZHN 14457 Chapter : Gordon Zahn - Ch. 3, "The Value-selection Dimension" 1962
  Discusses what Gordon refers to as the "competition" of value systems affecting Roman Catholics living in Germany during WWII. Says that such citizens were torn between an absolute obedience to the government and an absolute obedience to their religion which saw WWII as a blatant unjust war. ~ New York
• PZHN 14458 Chapter : Gordon Zahn - Ch. 4, "A Question of Judgement" from GCHW 1962
  Says that the purpose of this study is not to "expose evils and abuses" but rather to learn what happened in the war so that it may never happen again. Also, Gordon argues against the presumption that his study is one of "historical inquiry", but rather he says this study concerns itself with the behavior of German Catholics during WWII. ~ ~ Gordon
• PZHN 14459 Chapter : Gordon Zahn - Ch. 5, "Statement of the Problem" from GCHW 1962
  Makes a comparison between a tradition in Germany of honoring St. Martin of Tours, a conscientious objector to Caesar, every year in a grand celebration that resembles Halloween. Gordon contrasts this respect and admiration of this "conscientious objector" with what he calls "the greatest tragedy of recent world history", WWII. Describing Hitler as the "new Caesar" he descibes how he and his regime suppressed all things Catholic forcing Catholics to participate in the war while Catholic press and Catholic organizations gave full support of the regime leaving Catholics with no choice. ~ New York
• PZHN 14460 Chapter : Gordon Zahn - Ch. 6, "The Bishops" from GCHW 1962
  In this chapter Gordon discusses a number of excerpts from Catholic Bishops and from the Catholic Press that are calling on German Catholics to support the war and the "Vaterland". ~ ~ New York
• PZHN 14461 Chapter : Gordon Zahn - Ch. 7, "Clement August Von Galen" from GCHW 1962
  Gives a brief background on Clement Von August Galen, the Bishop of Muenster, who as Gordon discusses at length, gave many powerful sermons that were "direct challenges to the Nazi terror-state". However, Gordon goes on to say that these sermons were as far as Galen went. Gordon says that in many of his sermons he said that Catholics, despite the evils of the regime, should still follow the Vaterland. Thus, as Gordon concludes, the wartime writings of the most revered opponent to the regime actually contributed to German Catholic conformity to the Nazi Cause. ~ New York
• PZHN 14462 Chapter : Gordon Zahn - Ch. 8, "Michael Cardinal Faulhaber" from GCHW 1962
  Gives a background on the life of Michael Cardinal Faulhaber and says that his "patriotism and protest combination" greatly resembles that of Galen. Gordon discusses how Faulhaber, the leader of the Bavarian hierarchy, in 1933 adamantly and publicly opposed the Nazi regime. However, Gordon says that with the advent of the war in 1939 Faulhaber's opposition to the war quickly turned to support. ~ New York
• PZHN 14463 Chapter : Gordon Zahn - Ch. 9, "Conrad Grober" from GCHW 1962
  Discusses the life of Grober, a bishop during WWII. More specifically, Gordon discusses his switch from public support of the Nazi regime and war effort to public disdain of the Nazi regime and war effort. ~ New York
• PZHN 14464 Chapter : Gordon Zahn - Ch. 10, "Franz Josef Rarkowski" from GCHW 1962
  Discusses the stance of the Catholic Military Bishop, Franz Josef Rarkowski as being one of complete obedience and affirmation to the Nazi regime. Says that Rarkowski was so complete and unfaltering in his support of the war that if any soldier under his command began to have doubts about his participation and went to the Military Bishop he "would find his problem swept away in a torrent of nationalistic outpourings". ~ New York
• PZHN 14465 Chapter : Gordon Zahn - Ch. 11, "Analysis and Interpretation" from GCHW 1962
  Discusses the Catholic Church's support of the Nazi regime found in the stances taken by a majority of the Catholic Bishops. Says this support by the Catholic Church only contributed more to the formal and informal controls during WWII that left German Catholics with the choice only to support the war because not supporting the war could only achieved through an act of great heroism. ~ New York
• PZHN 14466 Chapter : Gordon Zahn - Ch. 12, "Sociotheological Implications" from GCHW 1962
  States his conclusions from his study with one of the most profound being the reassesment needed of the relationship of the religious institution with the modern secular state. Also, says that the self-image of the individual Catholic in a time of a moral crisis such as WWII needs to be addressed. Hopes this study will encourage religious resistance to political regimes in the future and that the study will also draw attention to this event of great importance in the Catholic modern world. ~ New York
• PZHN 14557 Book : Gordon Zahn - WHAT IS SOCIETY? 1964
  The book was entered into the database by chapter having entry #14547-14556. ~ New York City
• PZHN 14547 Chapter : Gordon Zahn - Ch. 1, "The Beginnings of Social Science" from WHAT IS SOCIETY? 1964
  Discussess the roots of sociology as innately within man. But also states that he believes the roots of sociology are also found within the disciplines of history and philosophy before being formerly introduced by Auguste Comte, thought by some to be the founding father of sociology. ~ New York City
• PZHN 14548 Chapter : Gordon Zahn - Ch. 2, "Society, Personality and Culture" from WHAT IS SOCIETY? 1964
  Discusses the ability of sociology to accurately predict the actions of humans. Also discusses the four categorical "determinants of personality". ~ New York City
• PZHN 14549 Chapter : Gordon Zahn - Ch. 3, "Social Interaction" from WHAT IS SOCIETY? 1964
  Discusses the basic nature of social interaction. Says that three elements are essential for basic social interaction with them being two "actors" and a situation in which they are involved or in which they are interacting. Also looks at: the quality of interaction, its continuous and reciprocal nature, the characteristic of contingency in it, and the various meanings attached to social interaction. ~ New York City
• PZHN 14550 Chapter : Gordon Zahn - Ch. 4, "Communication and Control" from WHAT IS SOCIETY? 1964
  Discusses the various meanings that are associated with social interaction. Moreover, Gordon discusses how the meanings are communicated between two social "actors". In addition, he discusses how social controls play into social interaction. ~ New York City
• PZHN 14551 Chapter : Gordon Zahn - Ch. 5, "The Social Aggregates" from WHAT IS SOCIETY? 1964
  Discusses how and why just because you may be present in a group does not necessarily mean that you are a member of that group. In addition, he makes the distinction between the primary group, the secondary group, and the reference group. ~ New York City
• PZHN 14552 Chapter : Gordon Zahn - Ch. 6, "The Social Institutions" from WHAT IS SOCIETY? 1964
  Discusses the sociological study of social institutions in terms of their structure and function. In addition, discusses in more depth the social institution of family. ~ New York City
• PZHN 14553 Chapter : Gordon Zahn - Ch. 7, "Society and Community" from WHAT IS SOCIETY? 1964
  Discusses the idea of society, central to the study of sociology, and how the idea of community plays a central role when studying society. ~ New York City
• PZHN 14554 Chapter : Gordon Zahn - Ch. 8, "The Methods of Social Sciences" from WHAT IS SOCIETY? 1964
  Discusses certain key issues regarding the methods of the social sciences including: in depth study, the difference between primary and secondary observation, and the respective problems with certain methods of study such as the questionnaire and the interview. ~ New York City
• PZHN 14555 Chapter : Gordon Zahn - Ch. 9, "The Sociological Specializations" from WHAT IS SOCIETY? 1964
  Discusses a number of "subdivisions" in the area of sociological specializations such as the study of demography and "problems" concentrations. ~ New York City
• PZHN 14556 Chapter : Gordon Zahn - Ch. 10, "Social Problems, Social Reform, and Social Engineering" from WHAT IS SOCIETY? 1964
  Discusses the trend of modern sociology to focus on social problems and why some do not believe this to be a good trend. Also, discusses the idea of social planning. ~ New York City
• PZHN 14530 Book : Gordon Zahn - THE MILITARY CHAPLAINCY: A STUDY OF THE ROLE TENSION IN THE ROYAL AIR FORCE 1969
  Broken into entries #14494-14529 based on chapter and section breaks. ~ Toronto
• PZHN 14494 Excerpt : Gordon Zahn - Ch. 1, section I of "Research Rationale and Procedures" from TMC (THE MILITARY CHAPLAINCY) 1969
  Gives a preliminary outline of his research. Begins by noting that all the chaplains used in the research were Christian clergymen. Mentions how the theory of total war and its compatibility with the Christian value system is something that will be discussed at length in the book. Also discusses how his own personal value commitment affects and is a major part of this study. ~ Toronto
• PZHN 14497 Excerpt : Gordon Zahn - Ch. 1, Section IV of "Research Rationale and Procedures" from TMC 1969
  Discusses some of the characteristics of the chaplains he interivewed and received questionnaires from. Includes such measures as: religious distribution, age distribution, and length of time in the RAF chaplaincy. ~ Toronto
• PZHN 14495 Excerpt : Gordon Zahn - Ch. 1, section II of "Research Rationale and Procedures" from TMC 1969
  Discusses the five characteristics of social interaction and how they relate to the exterior aspects of the actor's behavior. In addition, discusses the concept of role conflicts and how it relates to a value system. Finally, mentions that format of his study was conducted in part through personal interview with currently active chaplains and in part by mailed questionnaire. ~ Toronto
• PZHN 14496 Excerpt : Gordon Zahn - Ch. 1, section III of "Research Rationale and Procedures" from TMC. 1969
  Discusses how the study came about because of Gordon being granted a Simon Senior Research Fellowship at the University of Manchester. Also, mentions how his selection of chaplains serving the Royal Air Force was a matter of convenience because Manchester was to be his "home base". In addition, discusses how he went about to get permission to do the study from the Staff Chaplain and the two Principal Chaplains. Says that the two major phases of the research project were interviews followed by questionnaire mailing to retired chaplains. ~ Toronto
• PZHN 14498 Excerpt : Gordon Zahn - Ch. 2, section I of "Personal Qualities and Projected Image" from TMC 1969
  Discusses three questions he put on his questionnaire to the military chaplains and the answers he received in return. The first question asked them to indicate two or three personal characteristics they considered most essential to success as a military chaplain. The second question dealt with what the chaplains believed to be the characteristic most likely to interfere with a man's success as a chaplain. Finally, the third question asked the respondents to select the most serious failing out of four that had been suggested. ~ ~ Toronto
• PZHN 14499 Excerpt : Gordon Zahn - Ch. 2, section II of "Personal Qualities and Projected Image" from TMC 1969
  Discusses the chaplains' projected self image as they imagine it. Says that a chaplain is both a military officer and a clergyman, but says when asked the chaplains for the most part saw themselves first as a clergyman before a military officer. ~ Toronto
• PZHN 14500 Excerpt : Gordon Zahn - Ch. 2, section III of "Personal Qualities and Projected Image" from TMC 1969
  Discusses the evaluations of chaplains by those whom they were serving. Also discusses the idea of the "ideal chaplain". ~ Toronto
• PZHN 14501 Excerpt : Gordon Zahn - Ch. 3, section I of "Role Symbols and Identification" from TMC 1969
  Discusses how the chaplains insisted in how their work was similar to that of a civilian pastor. Tries to argue how the chaplains did not see themselves as "just a clergyman" (81). ~ Toronto
• PZHN 14502 Excerpt : Gordon Zahn - Ch. 3, section II of "Role Symbols and Identification" from TMC 1969
  Talks about how these men came to be military chaplains. Says that of the 73 responses, 34 included some reference to the military dimension of the role. Also mentions that another 11 were attracted by the opportunity to work with young men. In addition, there were another four who saw the chaplaincy as an opportunity for "adventure and travel" (88). Finally, discusses the religious motivation to become a chaplain. ~ Toronto
• PZHN 14503 Excerpt : Gordon Zahn - Ch. 3, section III of "Role Symbols and Identification" from TMC 1969
  Discusses the distinctions between a military chaplain and "just a pastor" revealing both advantages and disadvantages for either side. ~ Toronto
• PZHN 14504 Excerpt : Gordon Zahn - Ch. 3, section IV of "Role Symbols and Identification" from TMC 1969
  Discusses how the "RAF padre" unlike his civilian counterparts was a uniformed officer. Discusses how the wearing of the uniform both helped and hindered the chaplains. However, says that the majority of responses he got "favored retention of both rank and uniform" (99). ~ Toronto

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