(1854 Oct.)
Mina, Father Ve. M(odest)e:
(St. John Baptist, Louisiana)
to Father (Stephen Rousselon:
New Orleans, Louisiana)
Francois Caliste Trouard wishes to marry Marie Céleste Triche, first cousin of his first wife, Adèle Triche, deceased, and asks for a dispensation. P.S. Father (Peter M.) Lacour has been here since September 29 and has been very useful to Mina. They have 10 services to perform this week. Lacour would like to return to Texas as soon as possible; he would like to go down to New Orleans next Friday to return to his post. Is there any risk; they say the yellow fever has made great ravages. Mina would like to keep Lacour another 2 weeks.
VI-1-h - A.L.S. - (French) - 1p. - 12mo. - {5}
(18)54 Oct.
Mullon, Father J(ames) I(gnatius):
(New Orleans, Louisiana)
to Father (Stephen) Rousselon:
(New Orleans, Louisiana)
Returns for October for (St. Patrick's Church. Items and amounts are given.)
VI-1-h - A. Report S. - 1p. - folio - {2}
1854(?) Oct. 1
Hecker, I(saac) T.:
(New York, N.Y.)
to (Orestes A. Brownson:
Boston, Massachusetts)
Hecker enjoyed himself with the Bishop. He has understood that something will be done in the Synod concerning Catholic journals and newspapers, and that the Archbishop (John Hughes) intends mooting something on this matter. He feels that Brownson would like to visit New York for this reason. He sends Brownson expense money. Hecker's brother, George, would be happy to have Brownson stay with him. The writer offers his services graciously to Brownson.
I-3-l - A.L.S. - 4pp. - 12mo. - {2}
1854 Oct. 1
Lambert, Rich(ar)d:
New Orleans, (Louisiana)
to Father E(tienne) Rousselon:
(New Orleans, Louisiana)
A receipt for $20 for one month's services as organist.
VI-1-h - A. Receipt S. - 1p. - 32mo. - {1}
1854 Oct. 1
(Haughery), Margaret (Gaffney):
(New Orleans, Louisiana)
to Archbishop (Anthony) Blanc:
(New Orleans, Louisiana)
A receipt for $10.50 for milk.
VI-1-h - Receipt - 1p. - 32mo. - {1}
1854 Oct. 1
Curiel, Jos(eph):
(New Orleans, Louisiana)
to Father E(tien)ne Rousselon:
(New Orleans, Louisiana)
A receipted bill for $15.65 for 1 barrel of sugar on September 1.
VI-1-h - A. Receipt S. - 1p. - 32mo. - {1}
(1854 Oct. 4)
Dunigan, Edward and Brother:
New York, (New York)
A printed circular advertising Catholic school books especially the series of Readers compiled by the Brothers of the Christian Schools.
VI-1-h - Printed Circular - 4pp. - 12mo. - {1}
1854 Oct. 4
Masnou, C.M., Father J.:
Cape Girardeau, M(iss)o(uri)
to Father (Stephen Rousselon:
New Orleans, Louisiana)
The pastor of Benton, Father (Leo Ozdecar, O.S. F.?), a short distance from their College, has asked Masnou to get a half-barrel of white Mass wine for him. (Rousselon) can send it to St. Vincent's College and charge it to their account.
VI-1-h - A.L.S. - (French) - 1p. - 4to. - {2}
1854 Oct. 5(?)
Cenas, Father F.J.:
St. Charles (Destrehan, Louisiana)
to Father E(tienne) Rousselon:
(New Orleans, Louisiana)
Will Rousselon give to the bearer, the French, English, and Spanish newspapers he has to send to Father (Joseph Michael) Paret and Cenas. Cenas prefers to take the letters addressed to him himself in about 10 days when he hopes to return to the city. He is quite well now. Paret sends his respects.
VI-1-h - A.L.S. - (French) - 1p. - 12mo. - {2}
1854 Oct. 5
Parisot, O.M.I., Father (Peter F.):
Natchitoches, (Louisiana)
to Father (Stephen) Rousselon:
New Orleans, (Louisiana)
Will Rousselon send to Galveston: 1. 95 piastres which Parisot is sending by Mr. Robien(?)'s slave. 2. 5 piastres to be drawn on Mr. Degruy(?) by presenting the attached letter (no enclosure) which is a draft of one of his acquaintances from Alexandria, Manafret Luissard. At the moment they are in a thousand difficulties.
VI-1-h - A.L.S. - (French) - 2pp. - 4to. - {4}
1854 Oct. 7
Linton, William:
Chicago, Ill(inois)
to (Orestes A.) Brownson:
(Boston, Massachusetts)
Linton just sent a telegram informing Brownson his lecture will begin on November 10th and finish on the 16th. He shall allude to the matter of Kenelm H. Digby under the head of "answers to correspondents." The Catholic Telegraph is unworthy of his notice. He expressed the same idea of the Metropolitan as Brownson did, in a letter to Murphy and Co. The liberal, gallican clergy are trying to supercede (Brownson's) Review. He hopes. Brownson did not lose much pecuniarily on his article on "Native Americanism." (R.A.) Bakewell is editing the St. Louis Intelligence, a Know-Nothing paper which broke down his Shepherd (of the Valley). A few weeks ago he was in St. Louis and heard several who had been Bakewell's warmest friends speak disparagingly of him. He is surprised that Father (John P.) Roddan would edit a paper when he cannot control its columns.
I-3-l - A.L.S. - 2pp. - 8vo. - {11}
1854 Oct. 8
Brummer, Father J(ohn) W.:
Mt. St. Mary's, Cincinnati, Ohio
to Archbishop John Baptist Purcell:
of Cincinnati, Ohio
He asks a dispensation for a dispensation for a Catholic young man to marry an unbaptized lady. The only motive is that otherwise they will probably get married by the squire. The lady is willing to be baptized but does not wish to take the necessary trouble to be instructed. She is willing to let the children be brought up Catholics. P.S. Brummer has reason to hope that the lady will become a Catholic after some time.
II-4-m - A.L.S. - 2pp. - 8vo. - {3}
1854 Oct. 8
Cénas, Father F.J.:
St. Charles, (Destrehan, Louisiana)
to Father (Stephen) Rousselon:
New Orleans, (Louisiana)
Cénas has just received Rousselon's letter; the expression of his sentiments in Cénas' regard have begun a new period of relations. So he may succumb. In spite of the attentions the Archbishop and Rousselon have shown him, he would consent with sadness to the plan of settling in Louisiana. The strange circumstances which brought him here, the desire to persist in his collection for Oregon, after having an understanding with Canada on this point, the hope of seeing his family again, and of seeing his mission again, have presented a sacrifice. As for a post in the country, it would be only in the interest of his health which has been so uncertain for six months, in the interest of the Oregon mission to which he would like to send some help and finally in the interest of his own(?) taste. It was in this vein that he wrote to the Archbishop. He never mentioned St. Bernard's parish and does not want it. If the Archbishop cannot subscribe to his requests, Cénas will continue, as far as possible, to be useful to Rousselon. The decision will not betaken until after deliberation with the Archbishop and Rousselon. Cénas is thinking of going to the city before 2 weeks. He asks Rousselon to give Mr. Henriette his newspapers and any letters.
VI-1-h - A.L.S. - (French) - 3pp. - 8vo. - {2}
1854 Oct. 8
Parisot, O.M.I., Father (Peter F.):
Natchitoches, (Louisiana)
to Father (Stephen Rousselon:
New Orleans, Louisiana)
Parisot asks again that Rousselon send to Galveston 100 piastres which Ovide Buard sent him. Circumstances oblige Parisot to trouble Rousselon. Rousselon knows the straits they are in; this will help a little.
VI-1-h - A.L.S. - (French) - 1p. - folio - {2}
1854 Oct. 9
Carrington, L(ouisa) M(ary):
Oswego, (New York)
to Orestes A. Brownson:
(Boston, Massachusetts)
If Brownson has not forgotten her, she wishes to speak to him. The anxiety Brownson express in his first article, she saw and felt it. She has been through these anxieties and wishes to speak to him as one convert to another. The Catholic faith is deeper and more complex than they can perceive, and the less they do about it the better, although this is hard for a convert to do. God wishes to relieve us from trouble and anxiety. She critizes Brownson's use of the words "alarming" and dreadful, as if they were afraid of anything or any men. Does not the Church always advance by world revolutions. How can this country be converted without a revolution? And if we cannot bring this about, God can, so why should we worry?
I-3-l - A.L.S. - 4pp. - 18vo. - {1}
1854 Oct. 9
Mullon, Father J(ames) I(gnatius):
New Orleans, (Louisiana)
to Archbishop (Anthony Blanc:
New Orleans, Louisiana)
On his way to the post office, a clerk of the Gas Light Company presented Mullon with the enclosed bill (no enclosure) against St. Patrick's Church, stating that the amount was for fixtures, ornaments, etc., contracted for by Father (Cyril) Delacroix! They have burned no gas since the mission and yet there is a charge of nearly $200 for 48,900 cubic feet of gas up to September 1. The whole is inexplicable, the fixtures ordered without Mullon's knowledge, and Delacroix complained of bitterly by the Company who state that they have applied to him till they are weary. Mullon thought it would be better for (Blanc) to send for Delacroix for an explanation.
VI-1-h - A.L.S. - 1p. - 4to. - {3}
1854 Oct. 9
Tholomier, Father (Claude Anthony):
St. Michael, (Louisiana)
to Father (Stephen) Rousselon:
New Orleans, (Louisiana)
As he believes the Archbishop is absent, Tholomier asks Rousselon for a dispensation from banns for J(ean) B(a)p(tis)te Lafitte and Josephine Theriot.
VI-1-h - A.L.S. - 2pp. - 4to. - {3}
1854 Oct. 10
Spalding, M(artin) J. Bp. Louisville:
Louisville, Kentucky
to Archbishop John Baptist Purcell:
of Cincinnati, Ohio
Spalding learned with much regret that the Tyrolese Franciscans have decided to give up their province in this country and that the religious can return home as soon as they please. This will embarass Spalding. These religious bodies have too little Catholic spirit. Only yesterday the Jesuits of Bardstown (Ky.) refused to attend any longer to some poor missions near Bardstown. Could not some remedy be applied to the evil from headquarters? His Miscellanea are drawing their slow length along. He has written the introductory address on the Intolerant Spirit of the Times.
II-4-m - A.L.S. - 3pp. - 8vo. - {5}
1854 Oct. 11
Gonnard, Father J.:
Washington, (Texas)
to Father (Stephen Rousselon:
New Orleans, Louisiana)
Gonnard offers his thanks for many services. The two boxes which Gonnard sent to France at the beginning of the year and which Rousselon sent on, arrived at their destination. In exchange they sent Gonnard from Lyons, church ornaments, altar linens and a relic of the True Cross, given to two missionaries destined for New Orleans, (Placide) Vuillermoz dead of yellow fever as Gonnard sees by the paper and Father (Jean Arthur) Poyet. There was a second shipment, Gonnard does not know whether it was addressed to the Archbishopric. He asks Rousselon to send any news he has about them. (P.S.) Care of John Spann, Esq.
VI-1-h - A.L.S. - (French) - 1p. - 4to. - {4}
1854 Oct. 11
Young, C.P., Father N(icholas) D.:
Somerset, Ohio
to Archbishop John Baptist Purcell:
of Cincinnati, Ohio
A Protestant young man, Franklin Michael, wishes to marry Mary Hunt of this parish. Young did what he could to prevent the engagement. He asks for a dispensation and also to dispense with the publication of the banns.
II-4-m - A.L.S. - 1p. - 8vo. - {2}
1854 Oct.12
Newell, S.D.:
New York, (New York)
to O(restes) A. Brownson:
(Boston, Massachusetts)
The writer encloses (no enclosure) a scrap of paper cut from the "Ambassador" published by the Universalist Sect. The article is an account of Brownson's views on religious matters. Much of the matter was common experience for the writer with Brownson. Newell was a Calvinist Baptist until 1834. His education is but "Common English Education." He has attended a series of lectures given by Universalist and Baptist clergymen. They claimed that there was no proof in the Bible of eternal punishment of the immortal soul. He leans toward this idea. He thinks eternal damnation a "horrible doctrine." He wishes Brownson to reply.
I-3-l - A.L.S. - 2pp. - 4to. - {3}
(18)54 Oct. 12
O'Keeffe, C.M., Father Tim(oth)y D.:
(Cape Girardeau, Missouri)
to Father S(tephen) Rousselon:
(New Orleans, Louisiana)
He asks Rousselon to forward the amount of money on hand for St. Vincent's College by a draft on a house in St. Louis. All are well and they have a larger school by 20 than ever before. He asks to be remembered to Fathers Mascaroni, Moynahan, and Bel(l)ier.
VI-1-h - A.L.S. - 1p. - 12mo. - {2}
1854 Oct. 13
Lavay, S.J., Father J(oseph):
Baton Rouge, (Louisiana)
to Father (Stephen Rousselon:
New Orleans, Louisiana)
Lavay asks for a dispensation for a mixed marriage between Andrew Bogan and Cecelia Legendre. The young man is ready to make the promises asked by the Church in similar circumstances.
VI-1-h - A.L.S. - (French) - 1p. - 4to. - {3}
1854 Oct. 13
Gouesse, (C.S.C.), Father F(rancis):
New Orleans, (Louisiana)
to Archbishop (Anthony Blanc:
New Orleans, Louisiana)
Gouesse comes back to the subject of the payment of the last draft. Vacation at (St. Mary's Catholic Orphan Boys') Asylum will end on the 15th and Gouesse's intention would be to take up classes on the 16th. Under the present circumstances, the Society (Congregation of Holy Cross) will be obliged again to incur false expenses. They could do so if the payments were made consistently. Gouesse asks (Blanc) for a definite answer so that he can be ready to carry out the above plan.
VI-1-h - A.L.S. - (French) - 1p. - 4to. - {3}
1854 Oct. 14
Kenrick, Francis Patrick, Abp. Baltimore:
New York, New York
to Archbishop John Baptist Purcell:
of Cincinnati, Ohio
He wishes Purcell would come to Rome on this grand occasion. It would gratify the Holy Father. No one is specially invited. The Holy Father desires some of the American Bishops to be present. Bishops (John) Hughes, (Michael) O'Connor, (John) Neumann, and (John) Timon are coming.
II-4-m - A.L.S. - 1p. - 8vo. - {7}
(18)54 Oct. 16
Chambodut, Father L(ouis) C.M.:
Galveston, (Texas)
to Archbishop A(nthony) Blanc:
(New Orleans, Louisiana)
Their common friend, Father A(nthony) Thèves, is on his way to Buffalo where he intends to stay. This is to certify that whilst in Galveston he made himself very useful and it is with sincere regret that Chambodut sees him go away. He hopes Thèves will be welcomed by Bishop (John) Timon of Buffalo. Bishop (John Mary) Odin is on the frontier and Chambodut has not heard from his for more than six weeks. He begins to feel very uneasy about him. The new convent is going up slowly. The weather has stopped the work several times. The yellow fever is abating fast.
VI-1-h - A.L.S. - 1p. - 4to. - {4}
1854 Oct. 16
(Kenrick), Archbishop Peter Richard:
St. Louis, (Missouri)
to Archbishop (Anthony) Blanc:
N(ew) Orleans, (Louisiana)
(Kenrick) can no longer defer applying for a coadjutor. Blanc knows his motives and he hopes Blanc will be able to approve the names he transmits. He hopes Blanc will express his views to the Cardinal Prefect. 1. Father James Duggan, vicar general and lately administrator of Chicago. 2. Father Joseph Melcher, V(icar) G(eneral). 3. Father Anthony Penco, C.M., Visitor of the Congregation of the Lazarists in the U(nited) States.
VI-1-h - A.L.S. - 2pp. - 12mo. - {4}
1854 Oct. 16
Kenrick, Peter Richard Abp. St. Louis:
St. Louis, Missouri
to Archbishop John Baptist Purcell:
of Cincinnati, Ohio
He sent the following names to Rome with the request that one be given him as Coadjutor. 1. Father James Duggan; 2. Father Joseph Melcher; 3. Father Anthony Penco.
II-4-m - A.L.S. - 1p. - 8vo. - {5}
1854 Oct. 16
(Rappe, Louis) A(madeus) Bp. Cleveland:
Cleveland, Ohio
to Archbishop John Baptist Purcell:
of Cincinnati, Ohio
As Purcell had delayed the opening of the jubilee in the Archdiocese he wonders if the date might coincide with that in his diocese which is from Nov. 15 or Dec. 1. If this coincides with those of Purcell's opening he asks that Purcell announce that he had adopted Purcell's time and his conditions for the jubilee. He will be very greatful to Purcell for this favor and thinks that it will be a source of edification to the faithful. Father (Philip) Foley is better and asks that he be returned to Toledo, but he did not take up the matter. He fears that Bacchus has united with the devil to ruin the flock and the pastors of the young American church. He has never better understood the evil of drunkenness in the young church.
II-4-m - A.L.S. - 2pp. - 8vo. - (French) - {4}
1854 Oct. 16
Poincy,:
D. and Co(mpany)
New Orleans, Louisiana)
to Archbishop (Anthony Blanc:
New Orleans, Louisiana)
A receipted bill for $20 for bread from Sept(ember) 11 to Oct(ober) 8.
VI-1-h - A. Bill S. - 1p. - 16mo. - {1}
1854 Oct. 16
Roduit, S.J., Father Jos(eph):
Grand Coteau, (Louisiana)
to Archbishop (Anthony Blanc:
New Orleans, Louisiana
Roduit sends the list of dispensations (no enclosure) granted at the time of his pastoral visit, to which he adds a third, asked in favor of these same individuals. Roduit regretted not being able to rejoin (Blanc) at St. Martin. But the retreat at the Convent for which he had not prepared and which the Ladies wanted to make sooner made him choose this way. Also, Father (Darius) Hubert, (S.J.) seemed to have recovered from his fatigue and begun to be bored here. The retreat ended on the 13th. Madame (Annette) Praz, (R.S.C.J.) and Madame (Adine) Guinand, (R.S.C.J.) arrived here on the 8th. They found Madame (Maria) Cutts, (R.S.C.J.) very bad. Cutts edifies everyone in her long martyrdom. The doctors speak of her with admiration. They say one of them gave up drinking and the other feels twinges of conscience since he has treated Cutts. Yellow fever has appeared against Negreville, although less severe than last year. It is now at Opelousas; they say it has carried off 3 persons, others say 5. Joseph and Theodule Daigle wish to reserve a certain space in the cemetery at Plaquemine Brulé. Roduit was mistaken when he told (Blanc) that they wanted a pew in the chapel in perpetuity; they would be satisfied to have it for life.
VI-1-h - A.L.S. - (French) - 2pp. - 4to. - {7}
1854 Oct. 17
Marziou,:
V(ictor) and Company
Havre, (France)
to Father Et(ienne) Rousselon:
New Orleans, (Louisiana)
They have placed on board the Granite State, Captain Billing, a box, sent by Father L. Migne, publisher at Petit Montrouge at Paris and destined for A. (Father John Peter?) Bellier, pastor of St. Theresa's to whom they ask Rousselon to relay the costs of 8.75 f(rancs?) plus those of the ship. (Written by) L. Reynaud.
VI-1-h - A.L.S. - (French) - 1p. - 4to. - {5}
1854 Oct. 18
Boye and Shumway:
New Orleans, (Louisiana)
to Father (Stephen) Rousselon:
(New Orleans, Louisiana)
Receipted bill for $24 for one easy chair. Receipt signed by A.R. Claque(?).
VI-1-h - Receipt - 1p. - 12mo. - {3}
1854 Oct. 18
Brands, C.M., Father J(ohn):
(Assumption) Seminary, (Louisiana)
to Father (Stephen Rousselon:
New Orleans, Louisiana)
Brands asks (Rousselon) to send to Father (J.) Masnou, (C.M.) at Cape Girardeau, a check for $25 on Benoist and C(ompany) at St. Louis and to charge them. All are well here; they are waiting for Archbishop (Anthony Blanc).
VI-1-h - A.L.S. - (French) - 1p. - 12mo. - {3}
1854 Oct. 18
(Kenrick), Archbishop Peter Richard:
St. Louis, (Missouri)
to Father E(tienne) Roussellon:
(New Orleans, Louisiana)
(Kenrick) has received Roussellon's letter and the ordos. He has taken measures to have the packages for St. Paul, Dubuque, and Chicago sent. He will have the 75 Masses celebrated.
VI-1-h - A.L.S. - 1p. - 12mo. - {1}
(18)54 Oct. 18
(Ray, R.U.), Sister Ste. Séraphine:
New Orleans, (Louisiana)
to Archbishop A(nthony) Blanc:
New Orleans, (Louisiana)
(Ray) received Blanc's letter. She will make his intentions known to the Community (Ursulines) at the first meeting, which is today. They had thought of having the elections next Tuesday and could proceed to the visit the Thursday after. She hopes to see Blanc Preside at their festival.
VI-1-h - A.L.S. - (French) - 1p. - 4to. - {2}
(18)54 Oct. 18
(Ray, R.U.), Sister Ste. Séraphine:
(New Orleans, Louisiana)
to Archbishop (Anthony Blanc:
New Orleans, Louisiana)
Sister forgot this morning to tell (Blanc) about Sister Mary Angela Delany's departure which is to take place Friday of this week. (Ray) asks (Blanc) to give Angela a letter which will serve as an obedience to present to Archbishop (John Hughes) of New York. She must have this letter tomorrow.
VI-1-h - A.L.S. - (French) - 1p. - 12mo. - {3}
1854 Oct. 18
Tumoine, Father H(yacinthe):
Avoyelles, (Louisiana)
to Father (Stephen Rousselon:
New Orleans, Louisiana)
Tumoine asks for a dispensation for Elphege Riche and Helen Lemoine. Tumoine saw Archbishop (Anthony Blanc) at Ville Plate; he was very well. He seemed satisfied with his first visit to that poor place. Here they are waiting for the return of Bishop (Auguste Marie) Martin with the Sisters he has promised to establish as well as the priest he is to give to Avoyelles. In sending the dispensation (Rousselon) is to let Tumoine know when to expect (Blanc) so that he can make preparation. He is well; the parish is well although yellow fever is around them.
VI-1-h - A.L.S. - (French) - 1p. - 12mo. - {6}
1854 Oct. 19
Maenhaut, Father C(onstantine):
New Orleans, (Louisiana)
to Archbishop (Anthony Blanc:
New Orleans, Louisiana)
He regrets to inform (Blanc) of a decision he has harbored for a long time, of which he has at times spoken to (Blanc) and on which he has finally made an irrevocable decision, except for (Blanc)'s approval. It is to retire, al the end of the month, from the post to which (Blanc) appointed him. His health and the fatigues of 35 years and especially the difficulties which increase every day in the discharge of his duties, oblige him to claim repose and peace in his old age. It is not necessary to recapitulate the other reasons, even better to try to be useful in the diocese to which he is attached by so many remembrances. For, after a trip to Europe, Maenhaut hopes to return to this country to the ministry which he has always loved.
VI-1-h - A.L.S. - (French) - 2pp. - 4to. - {1}
1854 Oct. 19
Ming, Alexander:
New YorkCity
to O(restes) A. Brownson:
Boston, Massachusetts
Mr. George V. Hecker has infromed him that he will send an ancient picture of the Temptations and Trials of St. Anthony by Caracci to you. I presumed you received the case of books desired.
I-3-l - A.L.S. - 1p. - 8vo. - {1}
(18)54 Oct. 20
Chambodut, Father L(ouis) C.M.:
Galveston, (Texas)
to Father (Stephen) Rousselon:
(New Orleans, Louisiana)
On leaving here, Father (Anthony) Thèves asked for 100 piastres; he said Rousselon was his treasurer. Chambodut wants to draw on Rousselon today in favor of Messrs. Kerr and Poincy; and charge it to Thèves. For two months, Chambodut has had no word from Bishop (John Mary Odin); it is beginning to worry him. The yellow fever is lessening but has not disappeared entirely; it attacks the emigrants. Galveston is no longer the same town; two epidemics have taken at least 700 or 800 and the flood which took away their sand hills and damaged merchandise, have made it inferior to what its situation destines it to become. The convent has also suffered a little. If Rousselon sees Father (Peter M.) Lacour, he is to urge him to set out; Chambodut needs him.
VI-1-h - A.L.S. - (French) - 1p. - 4to. - {6}
1854 Oct. 20
Grimmer, Victor:
Grand Coteau, Louisiana
to Archbishop Anthony Blanc:
New Orleans, (Louisiana)
Grimmer reminds Blanc of the promise he made when he was here, to write to Grimmer's mother who is so afflicted. This letter is not to be shown to her. He is young but old enough to suffer with her. He prays every day for a means to relieve her. He asks Blanc to give some comfort to his mother who is almost losing her mind. Victor signs as the oldest boy.
VI-1-h - A.L.S. - (French) - 2pp. - 4to. - {1}
1854 Oct. 20
(Rappe, Louis) A(madeus) Bp. Cleveland:
Illyria, Ohio
to Archbishop John Baptist Purcell:
of Cincinnati, Ohio
He thanks Purcell for his letter. It is too soon for them to begin the jubilee. He is on a journey of three sermons, and his confreres are too much broken by the fatigues of the cholera. They will wait until November. He is pleased that Father (Philip) Foley makes a retreat. He tells Purcell that his conduct at Toledo contained no scandal save in connection with drinking. Since Foley had already asked to be relieved of his work at Toledo on account of health Rappe thinks that Foley should be given his exeat and is surprised that Foley wishes to return to the diocese and not retire to St. Sulpice or a convent in Ireland or Italy. Considering Foley's talents and good heart, Rappe hates to lose him but, with his council, he thinks that he should leave Toledo. Since Foley has refused a place at the Cathedral, Rappe does not feel that he can offer him another. If Purcell wishes to receive him he will give him his exeat and be happy to know that he is in position to save his soul and those confided to him. He regrets that two of their episcopal brethren are quitting the battle while the enemies attack with all their fury. He hopes that Purcell will not follow their example since he has been so useful to the church.
II-4-m - A.L.S. - 4pp. - 12mo. - (French) - {5}
1854 Oct. 20
Raymond, Father G(ilbert):
Ellicott's Mills, M(arylan)d
to Archbishop (Anthony) Blanc:
New Orleans, (Louisiana)
(Blanc)'s letter arrived at the seminary in Baltimore several days ago and reached him here a little later. He is infinitely grateful to (Blanc) for thinking of having him preach the retreat. He would have, in giving it, an excellent occasion to meet the priests to whom he wishes so much to be useful, and this leads him to accept. Raymond stayed at the Seminary only during vacation, more than three weeks. At the end of vacation the students, who had been at their house in the country, came to the seminary in the city. As the country house is only a hundred steps from the little seminary of St. Charles, the young men with Raymond could easily attend English classes at the little seminary. So this is where they have been for over four weeks. Raymond also has classes in English for them and has them learn theology under Fathers (Henry A.) Picherit and (Rene) Pineau. They also have the advantage of living in community. Raymond has several things to do and will leave, accompanied by Father (Cyprien) Venissat and his niece as far as Donaldsonville. The four men who are with Raymond will have no difficulty; they will stop in the north 8 or 10 days and come down when they receive word. Raymond's brother (Father J. Francois Raymond) knows several missionaries of Cincinnati and Louisville who were codisciples in Paris who are now directors in the seminary at Cincinnati. They like this better than to stay and keep house here. Venissat will stay at St. Charles. The only difficulty is (Joseph E.) Gilly; Blanc wrote that he would prefer that Gilly remain for some time in Baltimore if he is there. Raymond spoke to Father (Frances) Lhomme, superior at Baltimore, and also to Father (Oliver L.) Jenkins, superior, to keep him there. But both thought it would be more expedient if he went at once to Blanc's seminary. Raymond has tried to obey Blanc to the letter but he must bring Gilly with him. Blanc will be very satisfied with Venissat. Raymond will leave for Donaldsonville before Blanc can reply. He will arrive long before the retreat. How glad he will be to arrive at the end of his long journey to receive Blanc's blessing. (P.S.) He will write from Cincinnati what day he will arrive at Donaldsonville; he will stop there a day to see the Archbishop and others.
VI-1-h - A.L.S. - (French) - 4pp. - 4to. - {8}
1854 Oct. 21
Blanc, Archbishop Anthony:
New Orleans, (Louisiana)
Assured that different articles of the constitutions of the Ursulines of New Orleans need to be changed in unimportant points, which however cannot easily be observed, Blanc has authorized the Sisters to make the changes they consider necessary. Blanc authorizes the Community to have printed a new edition of the rules and constitutions to be distributed.
- Printed Card -
1827 May 31
Rosati, Bishop Joseph:
New Orleans, Louisiana
Having noticed in his pastoral visit to the Presentation Convent of the Ursulines in New Orleans, that different articles of their constitutions cannot be observed because of difficulties caused by the situation of the house and the climate and customs of the country, and also having seen that for these reasons, his predecessor Bishops and Superiors have authorized the Sisters to yield to the necessity which prevents them from observing the above named articles, Rosati has judged it necessary for them to change these points in order to make them practicable. Rosati permits the Superior to have a new edition of the rules and constitutions made and distributed.
- Printed Card -
VI-1-h - Printed Cards - (French) - 4pp. - 32mo. - {2}
1854 Oct. 21
Pessou, L. and B. Simon:
New Orleans, (Louisiana)
to Father (Stephen) Rousselon:
(New Orleans, Louisiana)
A receipted bill for $20 for 100 impressions of a plan for bayou V(ermi)llion on October 17.
VI-1-h - Receipt S. - (French) - 1p. - 16mo. - {3}
1854 Oct. 21
Thirion, Father (Hubert):
Pointe Coupée, (Louisiana)
to Father (Stephen) Rousselon:
New Orleans, (Louisiana)
Thirion has just received Rousselon's letter of October 12 in which Rousselon invites them to the retreat. He believes that he can come. He will have time to recover from what he caught at Bayou-Sara from a man sick with yellow fever. Rousselon gave him no news about their Confirmation. They would need at least 2 months due to the extent of the parish.
VI-1-h - A.L.S. - (French) - 2pp. - 4to. - {1}
1854 Oct. 22
Mittelbronn, Father (Francis):
Pointe Coupée, (Louisiana)
to Archbishop (Anthony Blanc:
New Orleans, Louisiana)
For almost two years, Mittelbronn hastried to put away the desire to see France again and to see his parents again. Now he can no longer be silent. He does not want to wait until spring; he wants to make the trip during the winter so that he is not absent during the time of sickness. This trip would only last three months; his stay in France would be for two weeks.
VI-1-h - A.L.S. - (French) - 1p. - 4to. - {1}
1854 Oct. 23
Beccard, Father Amédée:
Lafourche, (Louisiana)
to Archbishop (Anthony Blanc:
New Orleans, Louisiana)
Beccard is back from Chenière Caminada where he spent 3 or 4 days. He succeeded well for a first visit. Part of the men were out on the oyster banks and he had little to do with them for Confessions. He had 33 baptisms, a certain number of marriages, 4 First Communions, some prayers in their cemetery which is very well placed on a sandy knoll planted with lemon trees. There is good to be done for a resident priest. Presqu'Ile is also inhabited as much as it can be; several have found themselves too crowded and left. They talk of having a church but no one could succeed except the priest. They seem to want (Blanc)'s visit and Beccard did not take away all hope in this regard. It is so far, 25 leagues, and access is so difficult with the bad chance of finding part of them absent at certain times of the year. He has also made a station on the shores to the south, 15 leagues from Lafourche; he plans to make regular trips there. There are more people than one would suppose along these coasts, sailors, oyster merchants, etc. They are less spoiled than at Lockport or Canal Fillos(?). This is the account of Beccard's week's trip he has just made in his long parish.
VI-1-h - A.L.S. - (French) - 2pp. - 12mo. - {3}
1854 Oct. 23
Delente, Olympe:
St. Martinsville, (Louisiana)
to (Archbishop Anthony Blanc:
New Orleans, Louisiana)
She has such need of a word from (Blanc). She is up today as weak in spirit as in body. Everything here is distasteful to her. On Sunday she became ill at Mass. Those ladies knew that she was ill for she told Mrs. Mongé. On leaving Mass, a place was not offered her in their carriage and she had to drag herself to the house in the hot sun.
VI-1-h - A.L.S. - (French) - 2pp. - 4to. - {2}
1854 Oct. 23
Leveque, R.S.C., Madame Louisa:
Grand Coteau, (Louisiana)
to Archbishop (Anthony Blanc:
New Orleans, Louisiana)
She has just learned that (Blanc) is back in New Orleans and she hastens to give news of their Mother (Maria Cutts, R.S.C.J.). She is weakening and Dr. Acher thinks that before 2 weeks they will lose her. Leveque tries to follow (Blanc)'s advice and keep up her courage but it sometimes fails. Their Mother is a model of religious perfection. (P.S.) Mothers (Annette) Praz, (R.S.C.J.) and (Adine) Guinand, (R.S.C.J.) cannot decide to leave under such sad circumstances. Dr. Acher has operated on Guinand's knee; he hopes she will be better in 2 weeks. It is not necessary to ask for prayers; their Mother knows that Father Rousselon will not forget her.
VI-1-h - A.L.S. - (French) - 3pp. - 4to. - {5}
1854 October 24
Fay, Frank B.:
(Chelsea, Massachusetts)
to O(restes) Brownson:
(Boston, Massachusetts)
The Board of Government of the Chelsea Lib rary Association have appointed December 14th for your lecture.
I-3-l - A.L.S. - 1p. - 16to. - {1}
1854 Oct. 24
Jan, Father A(nge) M(arie):
St. Martinville, (Louisiana)
to Archbishop (Anthony Blanc:
New Orleans, Louisiana)
Jan has just received a letter from Father (Joseph) Roduit, (S.J.) which annoys him. Jan had asked Roduit for a priest to replace him during the retreat. Roduit replies that it will be impossible. Jan knows that Father (A.) de Chaignon, (S.J.) will remain at his post, but he is so far away and could not tend to the needs of 4 parishes besides his.
VI-1-h - A.L.S. - (French) - 2pp. - 12mo. - {3}
1854 Oct. 24
Perché, Father N(apoleon) J(oseph):
New Orleans, (Louisiana)
to Father (Stephen) Rousselon:
New Orleans, (Louisiana)
Perché believes that Rousselon will want to put in the Propagateur a note similar to that in the Mirror of Baltimore recommending the Archbishop to the prayers of his diocesans during his absence. Perché also believes that for several reasons Rousselon would have serious results if he did not have the pastoral letter published in English. Perché had already spoken to Father (George) Blackney, (S.J.) to translate it last Saturday when Rousselon said it was not necessary. This should be translated and published for Saturday.
VI-1-h - A.L.S. - (French) - 2pp. - 12mo. - {2}
(1854 Oct. 24)
Mina, Father Ve. M(odest)e:
(St. John Baptist, Louisiana)
to Father (Stephen Rousselon:
New Orleans, Louisiana)
Father (Peter M.) Lacour, who is leaving Mina at the moment of his greatest occupations, will bring this letter containing the death certificate (no enclosure) which the director of the French consulate asked Mina for through (Rousselon). As he knows his signature must be approved by superior authority, Mina addresses it to (Rousselon).
VI-1-h - A.L.S. - (French) - 1p. - 12mo. - {2}
1854 Oct. 24
Morehead and Elder:
New Orleans, (Louisiana)
to Father (Stephen) Rousselon:
(New Orleans, Louisiana)
A receipt for $3 for 30 copies of the 31st number of the Southern Journal. Signed by Edw(ard) F. Morehead.
VI-1-h - A. Receipt S. - 1p. - 32mo. - {3}
1854 Oct. 25
Rocoffort, (S.J.), Father L(ouis):
G(rand) Coteau, (Louisiana)
to Father (Stephen) Rousselon:
New Orleans, L(ouisian)a
Rocoffort asks for a dispensation for Alida Guidry to marry William Campbell. Campbell was baptized as an Episcopalian. The marriage is to take place the 8th of next month. Madame (Maria) Cutts, (R.S.C.J.) died yesterday an hour after midnight. There are very few sick; the fear is lessening. However, one cannot yet go to Opelousas and Washington. Father (A.) de Chaignon, (S.J.) is plugging up his church as well as he can. He came here last week and returned with a vehicle filled with cord to put up his bell.
VI-1-h - A.L.S. - (French) - 2pp. - 4to. - {5}
1854 Oct. 25
Leveque, R.S.C., Madame Louisa:
Grand Coteau, (Louisiana)
to Archbishop (Anthony Blanc:
New Orleans, Louisiana)
The great blow has fallen; since yesterday they no longer have a Mother (Maria Cutts, R.S.C.J.). They had thought to keep her, as Leveque had said, for two weeks. Father (Joseph) Roduit, (S.J.) was to give her the last sacraments the next day. He had just left when the artery broke. (Cutts) received the sacraments calmly and fervently, blessed the assembled Community and gave some recommendations to Madame (Annette) Praz, (R.S.C.J.) then told Leveque that she knew all of her intentions and recommended that she not ask to be relieved of the superiorship but to try to have someone for the novices. (Cutts) said the prayers with them and an hour later they were orphans.
VI-1-h - A.L.S. - (French) - 2pp. - 4to. - {4}
1854 Oct. 25
(Vandevelde), Bishop J(ames) O(liver):
Natchez, (Mississippi)
to Father S(tephen) Rousselon:
(New Orleans, Louisiana)
(Vandevelde) has just received a letter from Archbishop (Anthony Blanc) announcing his departure for Rome. He sees that the Archbishops of Baltimore and N(ew) York have already gone with the Bishop of Pittsburg. It seems that the Archbishops of Cincinnati and St. Louis will remain at home. This is what (Vandevelde) concludes from a letter today from the Archbishop of St. Louis. If Rousselon needs (Vandevelde)'s services, he will be around Natchez all winter. About the cassock: they have just abolished the quarantine; there is access now to Natchez. It could be sent by one of the regular boats or by the Magnolia. Messrs. Huchet, Elder, or Layton could take charge of it. (Vandevelde) expected it through Father (John M.) Delcros, (C.M.) who is here for the moment. (Vandevelde) has a young man here, Biége(?) age 25, who has had three years with the Salvatorians at South Bend. He has made quite good studies, even in theology and could be ordained in several months. He came well recommended by Father (Edward F.) Sorin, (C.S.C.) for two reasons: 1. Because he does not have a vocation for a religious order. 2. His health suffers from the rigors of the winter. He is very well now. He speaks English quite well but pronounces it badly; French he pronounces like the Belgians of west Flanders. When a priest he would prefer a French congregation; he thought (Vandevelde) had one in his diocese. (Vandevelde) promised to write to Archbishop Blanc to know whether he would accept him. He is a very good young man but countrified and a little slow. P.S. (Vandevelde) has just seen the Propagateur for the 20th. He sees there will be a retreat on Nov(ember) 15. If not inconvenient, (Vandevelde) would like to have his three priests on the Gulf, Fathers (Peter) Holton, (Paul) Guerard, and (Julien) Guillou make that retreat.
VI-1-h - A.L.S. - (French) - 3pp. - 12mo. - {11}
1854 Oct. 26
Guillou, Father J(ulien) M.:
Pascagoula, (Mississippi)
to Archbishop A(nthony) Blanc:
New Orleans, (Louisiana)
For almost 6 months, since he has been here, his health is perfectly restored. He has recovered his former vigor which served him so well during the 4 first years of his ministry at Yazoo and he is now ready to go to work. But as Blanc assumed when Guillou saw him at New Orleans, at the time of Guillou's arrival from Natchez, there is little to do, or rather at this moment there is nothing to do here since the outsiders are gone. Guillou has only 2 or 3 Creole families who do not even go to Mass on Sundays. Blanc knows to what a young priest, alone and unoccupied, is exposed. If Blanc believes he could be of use either at New Orleans or in the country up to the season of the baths, Guillou would be happy for a chance to be busy. He would ask Blanc for absolutely nothing for his services from Blanc. They are working on a new hotel here; Guillou believes this pretty locality will revive. He hopes that Blanc will show him the kindness he experienced during his administration of this diocese.
VI-1-h - A.L.S. - (French) - 1p. - 4to. - {2}
1854 Oct.27
Daly, O.P., Father J(ames):
St. Joseph's Convent (Somerset, Ohio)
to Archbishop John Baptist Purcell
:
of Cincinnati, Ohio
He informs Purcell that he has been at Sunday Creek, (Ohio) and has endeavored to put the alter and vestments in a proper condition. He tried to ease the minds of the people from the fears they entertained from the tumult they had with Father (John J.) Magee. Father (James) Whelan will visit the place in order to find the true state of affairs. He proposes to have their spiritual wants attended to with Purcell's approval.
II-4-m - A.L.S. - 2pp. - 8vo. - {5}
1854 Oct. 27
Martin, Father (Jean):
St. James Parish, (Louisiana)
to Father (Stephen) Rousselon:
New Orleans, (Louisiana)
He had planned to go down to New Orleans last night to see if there was some boat leaving next week, or the next, for Bordeaux or Havre and to know the cost. Not being able to leave last night, this morning it was too late. Last week and this, he has had several services and requiem High Masses. At the moment he does no know of anyone sick in the Parish. At St. Michael, there are some, and frequent funerals. Last night, Martin received the Pastoral letter.
VI-1-h - A.L.S. - (French) - 2pp. - 8vo. - {1}
(18)54 Oct. 28
Chambodut, Father L(ouis) C.M.:
Galveston, (Texas)
to Father E(tienne) Rousselon:
New Orleans, L(ouisian)a
Father (Etienne) Vignolle, (O.M.I.), having learned through Father (Peter F.) Parisot, (O.M.I.) that he had $100 with Rousselon, has asked Chambodut to negotiate for him. So Chambodut gave him 100 piastres and drew on Rousselon in favor of James Druhan for the same amount. Chambodut received a letter from Bishop (John Mary)Odin after a silence of two months; he is now at San Antonio, where he arrived last week. He will return to Galvesten November 10. The yellow fever has ended here. He asks Rousselon to pardon his brevity; he is so busy.
VI-1-h - A.L.S. - (French) - 2pp. - 4to. - {5}
1854 Oct. 28
(Rappe, Louis) A(madeus) Bp. Cleveland:
Woodville, Wood Country, Ohio
to Archbishop John Baptist Purcell:
of Cincinnati, Ohio
He is happy to know that Father (Philip) Foley will find a place in the college to be founded by Father (Michael) Forde. Rappe feels that "remoto vino" all will be well. Rappe speaks of the damage done in the church by intemperance, and the young priests embittered and swollowed up in dishonor. He leaves the Providence all the nomination proposed, who will he hopes enlighten those who are chosen. P.S. He gives Father Foley his exeat and at the same time the kiss of peace.
II-4-m - A.L.S. - 2pp. - 8vo. - (French) - {5}
1854 Oct. 28
Curiel, Jos(eph):
New Orleans, (Louisiana)
to
Father Et(ien)ne Rousselon:
(New Orleans, Louisiana)
A receipt for 12 piastres for one month's hire of a servant.
VI-1-h - A. Receipt S. - (French) - 1p. - 32mo. - {1}
1854 Oct. 29
Hecker, I(saac) T. (Father):
Patterson (New Jersey)
to (Orestes A. Brownson):
Boston, Massachusetts
He asks Brownson to review (Henry D.) Thoreau's "Life in the Woods". Hecker has not read it all and thinks no one else will. He says Thoreau's seeming truthfulness, and frankness conceals an immense pride. The tendency to solitude and ascetism is something and Thoreau's attempts to find out what it is brave, but merely increase his pride. The real hermit lives for 60 to 100 years in real solitude and plunges deeper into the wilderness if discovered. He brags about not buying land, yet he accepts a copyright on his book. In his meeting with the Canadian it is apparent to all except Thoreau that the Canadian is the truer and braver. Thoreau could have done better within the Church. The young Americans will find in the Church what they seek. Brownson's visit to New York is still talked about. George (Ripley) and George Bancroft were delighted. (James) McMaster takes another tune. Speaks of R(ipley's) critism of Comte in the Tribune. Bancroft delivers his lecture in November. Mr. Fairbanks of Boston suggests that he should give it in Boston before publishing it. Hecker thinks the lecture would cause a stir among the Unitarians. Hecker will give Appletons' the first chapter of the book which he has written. The title is undetermined. Father (Augustine) Hewit writes that he has read "The Spirit Rapper" with great interest. Father (Clarence A. Walworth) reads it with interest. Hecker is giving a mission at Patterson. George Hecker will arrange any lectures Brownosn wishes to give. P.S. Hecker prays for Brownson and thinks he is called to head a great movement in America.
I-3-l - A.L.S. - 4pp. - 4to. - {7}
1854 Oct. 29
Whelan, Father David:
Mt.St.Mary's (Emmittsburg, Maryland)
to ArchbishopJohn Baptist Purcell:
of Cincinnati, Ohio
He is new established at the Mountain teaching Latin, English, and arithmetic. It gives him an opportunity to practice patience. Father (John) McCaffrey tells him that he has the laziest and most unmanageable boys in the college. On the whole order has been well maintained. Whelan hopes Father (Edward) Collins was wide awake enough to secure himself against loss in the midst of the late financial difficulties in Cincinnati. He presume that Father T.J. Coppinger is now in his place. He supposes that it is now certain that Charles Springer was lost in the Artic. How is it that Purcell is not among the prelates lately departed for Rome? Purcell ought to get one to arrange to send them a copy of the Ordo Published each year in Rome. The Ordo for next year will be ready for sale about Dec. 1.
II-4-m - A.L.S. - 3pp. - 8vo. - {6}
1854 Oct. 29
Thirion, Father (Hubert):
Pointe Coupee, (Louisiana)
to Archbishop (Anthony) Blanc:
New Orleans, (Louisiana)
Thirion has just received Blanc's pastoral letter. He had written to Father Rousselon about the retreat and his intention to attend but the jubilee has interfered with his plans. Thirion submits their plan and Blanc can judge which one should attend the retreat. They have 3 months for the jubilee, sufficient time for many parishes, but they have 2 churches in an extensive parish. Thirion and Father (Francis) Mittelbronn have decided to write his letter. They need to establish 2 stations on the riverbank from Bouis(?)'s house up to the short cut (?). They need a station at Waterloo, two at Chenal Interieur where Father (John) Rogal(1e)had begun to build a church, two at Chenal on Fausse Riviere and one at Fausse Riviere, independent of the local church. They also have several American families on Bayou Fordoche as well as Bayou Grosse-Tete. They must be notified; they would not want to lose the grace of the jubilee. At present Thirion is writing to Bayou Sara or rather to Jac (K) son, he is going to translate (Blanc)'s pastoral letter into good English and send it to them so that they will know they can gain the graces granted by the Holy Father. Blanc can see what they have to do but it he prefers that one of them go to the retreat, either one is ready.
VI-1-h - A.L.S. - (French) - 2pp. - 4to. - {8}
1854 Oct.30
Borias, Father A(ntoine):
Beaumont, (Texas)
to Archbishop (Anthony Blanc:
New Orleans, Louisiana)
His return to Beaumont was fortunate. The big rains came while he was still at Carcassio. The roads became difficult; his horse had to swim several bayous. Borias stopped at three places where he had several First Communions. The people wish to have a priest. They talk of building three chapels, two of them will be built this winter. Borias promised them another visit next year. He had planned to build a chapel at Beaumont as soon as he returned but he has changed his mind. He will put this off to next year and he is going to have a school in Orange County which is part of his parish but almost entirely separated from Beaumont by swamps which are often impassible. This latter plan offers two advantages: the first, to build a little chapel there, to instruct and convert several persons who have never seen a church, hardly knowing the name of the (Catholic) religion. The second advantage is that in teaching in English, Borias would have the chance to learn it. It will be difficult to have this school because almost all the people are American and Borias speaks English very badly, but the schoolhouse, which will be his house, is to be begun the day after All Saints. He asks (Blanc) for some Mass intentions. If there are any (Blanc) is to send them to the Vicar General of Galveston; Borias is to go there around Christmas.
VI-1-h - A.L.S. - (French) - 2pp. - 4to. - {2}
1854 Oct. 30
Hennessy, Father Ja(me)s A:
Marshall, Mich(igan)
to Bishop (Peter Paul Lefevere:
Detroit, Michigan)
A priest's greatest enemies are those of his own house. Although Hennessy had written to Ireland a most exaggerated account of the missions in order to hinder any "hankering" his family may have had about America, his father came unexpectedly last Saturday and accused him of ingratitude. He suggested that his father go on to Illinois or Iowa but when his father cried he suggested that he go to the Rapids as the farthest point. His father has gone to the Rapids to buy a farm or two. His father has means to Provide for the family but there are five brothers and who will guarantee their good conduct always? Hennessy would regret to leave Lefevere's diocese but would rather do so than to force them to go or wait for trouble. He has decided to devote himself to the missions and will not family troubles arise to distract or perhaps bring censure on him? He thinks it best to move away. However, he will leave the whole matter in the hands of Lefevere.
III-2-i - A.L.S. - 3pp. - 8vo. - {2}
(1854 Oct. 31)
Henriot, Father Et(ienne):
(Algiers, Louisiana)
to Father(Stephen) Rousselon:
(New Orleans, Louisiana)
Henriot has just seen Father (Constantine Maenhaut) about the matter he spoke of to Rousselon. Maenhaut said that unless Rousselon sent him a letter of veto, he would go contrary to all Henriot's protests. Henriot would like to hope that Rousselon sends the veto. Otherwise, Henriot will turn over the keys of the Algiers church on Thursday.
VI-1-h - A.L.S. - (French) - 2pp. - 4to. - {3}